中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
春节逛街 四成多受访者觉得很多门店更好逛了****** 春节逛街 四成多受访者觉得很多门店更好逛了 65.5%受访者喜欢逛实体店,但只逛不买现象还有待进一步破解 这个春节,很多实体店适应消费需求新变化,人气重新旺了起来。你去逛实体店了吗?近日,中国青年报社社会调查中心联合问卷网(wenjuan.com),对1615名受访者进行的一项调查显示,65.5%的受访者表示还喜欢逛实体店,47.2%的受访者觉得门店“颜值”高了,43.8%的受访者觉得很多门店更好逛了。 65.5%受访者喜欢逛实体店 “今年春节假期带娃逛了很多商场,基本上去的是节日氛围浓厚,有展览、有活动的商场。”北京的80后宝妈杨晴(化名)说,大年初五去逛的商场,一进门有个超大的兔子造型让大家拍照,其间还有工作人员穿着逼真的服装,假扮兔子和财神爷跟孩子们互动,“玩得非常开心,顺便逛逛店铺、吃点东西,要不是带着孩子,还会看场电影,约上朋友一家,在一个商场里就能耗上一整天”。 调查中,65.5%的受访者表示还喜欢逛实体店,27.5%的受访者一般,7.0%的受访者表示不喜欢。 江西南昌的80后市民凌笑(化名)已经很久不逛实体门店了,“现在很多社群又种草又能直接购买,我也不是很挑衣服,均码的都能穿,所以网购更方便,实体店虽然有试穿体验,但性价比不高”。 杭州市民李佳(化名)很喜欢逛实体店,但逛的频率比以前低了,“一般小物件网上买方便,周末有时间会去商场逛”。 北京工商大学国际经管学院国际旅游管理系主任、副教授张运来说,虽然我国网购交易规模呈现连续增长态势,占社会消费品零售总额的比重也逐年上升,但线下销售仍是社会消费品零售的主体。 跟以前相比,22.8%的受访者逛实体店逛得更多了,56.3%的受访者逛得更少了,20.9%的受访者没什么变化。 “网购的冲击造成了实体店客流量不足,客单价(每一个顾客平均购买商品的金额——编者注)也在下降。实体店的人力成本、租赁成本比较高,这就使得线下产品的价格没有网上便宜,消费者自然会去网上采购。”张运来说,当下消费者逛实体店的热情还是比较高的,但在实体店购物的热情并不高,一些顾客只逛不买,最主要的原因是消费者能在网上买到质量尚可、价格又便宜的商品。真正需要消费者到实体店购买的,往往是价格稍贵一点,或者网上购买相对有一定风险,需要亲自去判断质量的产品。 47.2%受访者觉得实体门店“颜值”高了 凌笑之前做过餐饮、开过店铺,“记得2014年的实体商店里,一楼百货、珠宝,二楼超市,三楼餐饮,顶楼电影院,但现在变化真的太大了,有了很多我没去过的店铺,比如剧本杀馆、儿童绘本馆、大型游乐场等,还有共享儿童遥控汽车、大型游戏机等,跟以前完全不一样了”。 近年来,周围实体店有哪些变化?调查中,47.2%的受访者觉得门店“颜值”变高了,43.8%的受访者觉得很多店由品牌专柜模式变为主题组合模式,更好逛,41.4%的受访者觉得增加了配送等便利性服务,36.8%的受访者认为线上线下相融合,购物更方便,31.4%的受访者感受到体验式消费项目增多,28.6%的受访者发现注入了科技化元素,21.6%的受访者指出有了休闲、亲子等多元“生活空间”满足不同需求,21.3%的受访者发现服务升级了,开展了更专业的服务(如服装搭配师等),18.8%的受访者觉得实体店车展、沙龙、演出等活动丰富多彩。 张运来说,现在一些实体店积极转型,进行业态融合,比如把传统零售跟餐饮、影院、超市、书店等整合在一个场所,满足了顾客的多种需求。其次,很多商场在线下举办活动引流,比如开展各种类型的沙龙、新书发布会等。此外,商业实体店的装修装饰不断更新迭代,给消费者塑造了不同场景,带来不一样的体验。“我觉得这3个方面是现在做得比较理想的地方”。 61.4%受访者建议实体店加大价格促销、积分兑换等优惠力度 李佳认为,现在线上购物发展势头强劲,线下实体店想要发展得更好,应该跟线上联动。很多实体店在线上有自己的官方旗舰店,但还不够,需要进一步了解消费者需求,全面提升服务质量。 对于实体店的发展,61.4%的受访者建议加大价格促销、积分兑换等优惠力度,54.2%的受访者建议开展线上“云”服务,线上线下进一步融合,49.0%的受访者建议业态更加丰富,体验更加多元,47.6%的受访者建议重塑价值链条,在专业服务上持续发力,37.8%的受访者建议进一步改进停车、商品配送等便利性服务,34.6%的受访者建议引入新潮品牌,满足个性化需求,31.3%的受访者建议迎合消费潮流,结合自身,科学规划与管理。 张运来说,实体店要在数字化转型方面下功夫,做好线上和线下资源整合。网络有算法推荐,线下商场也可以借助数字化手段,有针对性地向顾客推荐产品或服务。“实体店的数字化转型是一个比较复杂的工程,包括管理营销等各个环节,如何通过个性化手段吸引更多消费者,是实体店经营者要不断思考的。” “餐厅把菜做得更好吃,理发店把头发剪得更好看,这才是刚需。”凌笑认为盲目追求网红店铺,没有维护口碑,最后只会昙花一现。她希望实体店不要太过于追求曝光,要扎扎实实地做好基本工作。“在设计上如果能多一些让孩子们自由玩耍的空间就更好了”。 张运来说,目前线上销售做得好的企业还是一些互联网企业,而传统企业向互联网转型时,不仅面临技术问题,还有思维方式转变问题。“我们发现大部分实体店的线上转型不是特别成功,反倒网店的线下转型相对做得比较好。很多线下实体店建了网站,但运营得不好,最后基本闲置了。互联网转型不是简单建一个网站、做一个App就能解决问题的,传统企业需要补齐互联网经营上的短板”。 受访者中00后占29.8%,90后占47.6%,80后占22.6%。一线城市的占31.0%,二线城市的占44.4%,三四线城市的占19.0%,乡镇的占5.6%。 中青报·中青网记者 王品芝 实习生 肖平华 来源:中国青年报 (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |